| dc.description.abstract | Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent communication, social interaction, and behavioral challenges that significantly affect the quality of life of affected children and their families. In Kenya, early identification and access to intervention services such as speech therapy remain limited, particularly in county-level public hospitals. Despite strong global evidence supporting Early Speech Therapy (EST) as a core intervention for improving communication and developmental outcomes, little is known about its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Kenyan public health settings. This study examined the association between EST and HRQoL among children with ASD attending Kericho County Referral Hospital. A quasi-experimental, non-randomized comparison design was used, involving 122 children aged 3–12 years, categorized into EST and Non-EST groups. Data were collected using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scales, Cognitive Functioning Subscale, and Family Impact Module. Descriptive, bivariate (t-test, Mann–Whitney U), and multivariable regression analyses were conducted using STATA. Children who received EST demonstrated significantly higher HRQoL scores (M = 46.89, SD = 6.82) compared to the Non-EST group (M = 40.95, SD = 7.44), t(120) = −4.61, p < 0.001. Regression analysis showed that each unit increase in exposure to speech therapy was associated with a 6.37-point improvement in HRQoL (p < 0.001). EST participants also showed better memory and problem-solving abilities, with modest improvements in attention. Family-related outcomes favored the EST group, although family relationships remained challenging. The Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference in total family functioning scores (p = 0.0003). Overall, the findings demonstrate that EST positively influences HRQoL, cognitive functioning, and family-related outcomes among children with ASD. The study provides the first empirical evidence from a Kenyan county hospital. It highlights the need for expanded early intervention services, caregiver training, and integrated policy frameworks to support ASD care in resource-limited settings. | en_US |
